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  • Jio Platforms IPO RHP: Profit, Subscribers and Use of Proceeds

    Jio Platforms IPO RHP: Profit, Subscribers and Use of Proceeds

    The Jio Platforms IPO red herring prospectus (RHP), filed on 14 October 2026, gives the first full look at the financials behind India’s largest public issue. For FY26, Jio Platforms reported revenue from operations of ₹1,46,885 crore and profit after tax of ₹30,064 crore, and its telecom arm had 533.3 million customers at 30 June 2026.

    Anchor investors bid on 19 October, and the public offer runs from 21 to 23 October at ₹1,065 to ₹1,119 per share. At the upper end, the fresh issue of up to 27 crore shares is worth up to ₹30,213 crore.

    Jio Platforms Financials From the RHP: FY24 to FY26

    The RHP shows steady growth in revenue and profit over three financial years, with the operating margin holding near 50%. Growth over the two years from FY24 to FY26 works out to roughly 34% for revenue, 35% for EBITDA and 40% for profit after tax, based on the figures below.

    Jio Platforms financials from the RHP, FY24 and FY26

    Metric FY24 FY26
    Revenue from operations ₹1,09,558 crore ₹1,46,885 crore
    EBITDA ₹54,341 crore ₹73,382 crore
    EBITDA margin 49.6% 50%
    Profit after tax ₹21,422 crore ₹30,064 crore
    PAT margin 19.6% 20.5%
    Earnings per share ₹24 ₹33.6

    Return on equity improved to 8.9% in FY26, and return on capital employed rose to 12%. Both are modest compared with the margins, which reflects the large asset base that a telecom network requires.

    Jio Platforms Q1 FY27 Numbers

    The prospectus also includes the quarter ended 30 June 2026. Revenue rose nearly 12% from a year earlier, while net profit climbed about 9%, according to a TechCrunch report on the filing.

    • Revenue for Q1 FY27 was ₹39,173 crore.
    • EBITDA was ₹19,840 crore, a margin of 50.6%.
    • Profit after tax was ₹7,765 crore, a margin of 19.8%.

    Subscribers, ARPU and 5G Base at Reliance Jio Infocomm

    Jio Platforms earns most of its income through its subsidiary Reliance Jio Infocomm (RJIL), India’s largest mobile operator. Its customer base grew from 482 million in FY24 to 524 million in FY26 and reached 533.3 million at the end of June 2026.

    Operating metrics from the RHP

    Metric Figure
    Net customer additions 36 million in FY26, against 6 million in FY25; 9 million in Q1 FY27
    ARPU per month ₹181.7 in FY24; ₹214 in FY26; ₹215.6 in Q1 FY27
    Monthly churn 1.6%, down from 1.7% in FY26
    Data use per customer 43.7 GB a month in Q1 FY27
    5G subscribers 284.9 million in Q1 FY27
    The 5G count makes it the world’s third-largest 5G customer base, according to the RHP summary. Annual data traffic stood at 241.4 billion GB in FY26.

    Spectrum, Patents and Technology Assets

    As of 30 June 2026, Jio held India’s largest spectrum portfolio at 26,800.8 MHz, with an average remaining life of 16 years. It was the only Indian operator with nationwide 5G spectrum across the 700 MHz, 3,300 MHz and 26 GHz bands.

    The company and its subsidiaries had filed 7,220 patent applications by the first quarter of FY27, of which 2,655 were in India and 4,565 overseas. About 12,477 people work on digital product and technology development, which is around 45% of the workforce.

    How Jio Platforms Will Use the IPO Proceeds

    The issue is entirely a fresh issue, so none of the money goes to existing shareholders. Up to ₹27,500 crore is earmarked to prepay certain borrowings of Reliance Jio Infocomm, and the balance goes to general corporate purposes, according to the prospectus.

    That focus on RJIL reflects how much of the group’s profit sits in the telecom subsidiary. The Ken reported that RJIL accounted for about 95% of Jio Platforms’ consolidated profit in each of the last three years, including FY26.

    Who Owns Jio Platforms Before the Issue

    Before the IPO, Reliance Industries held 66.43% of Jio Platforms. Meta held about 10% and Google about 8%, according to the preliminary offer document. Bloomberg reported that none of the existing investors, including Meta, Alphabet, Mubadala and Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund, is selling shares in the IPO.

    Valuation and Peer Comparison in the Prospectus

    At the upper end of the band, Jio Platforms would have an equity value of about ₹10.3 trillion on the post-issue share count. In 2020, the company was valued at up to ₹4.91 trillion. Bloomberg reported that earlier expectations had gone as high as $170 billion.

    By simple arithmetic, the upper price of ₹1,119 is about 33 times the FY26 earnings per share of ₹33.6 listed in the RHP summary. The prospectus names Bharti Airtel, with a price to earnings ratio of 40.71, and Vodafone Idea, at 3.99, as its listed peers.

    The peer figures show a wide range, so any comparison depends on the earnings basis and date used. Commentary on the issue has pointed to valuation as an area where public investors may push back.

    Anchor Round and Allocation Structure

    The qualified institutional buyer (QIB) portion will be no more than 50% of the net issue, and anchor investors can receive up to 60% of that portion. Reports said half of the anchor share is set aside for domestic mutual funds. The proposed allocation for retail investors is at least 35% and for non-institutional investors at least 15%.

    • Half of the shares allotted to anchor investors are locked in for 30 days from allotment.
    • The other half is locked in for 90 days.
    • Reports said global funds such as BlackRock and Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, along with domestic mutual funds, were seeking allocation in an anchor book of about ₹8,000 crore.

    Bloomberg also reported bids of more than $20 billion for the anchor book. The final list of anchor investors and the amount raised had not been published when this report was written.

    Risks and Disclosures Investors Can Check in the RHP

    Commentary on the filing has flagged a few themes that investors can verify in the document itself. These are points to read, not conclusions.

    • Dependence on Reliance Jio Infocomm for most of the consolidated profit.
    • A capital-intensive business that needs continued spending on coverage, capacity and spectrum obligations, even after debt repayment.
    • Valuation relative to listed peers, as discussed above.

    Anyone who wants to invest in IPO online needs a PAN-linked demat account, and investors who want to open demat account online can complete the process before the issue closes on 23 October. Activation times differ by intermediary, so applicants usually check this early.

    The RHP, the exchange filings and the anchor allocation announcement are the primary sources for every figure in this report. Subscription data by category will be published on the exchanges once bidding opens on 21 October.

  • Brent Crude Slips to $108 as US Waives Russia Oil Sanctions

    Brent Crude Slips to $108 as US Waives Russia Oil Sanctions

    Brent crude fell about 1.4% to roughly $108 a barrel on Monday, 19 October 2026, after US President Donald Trump suspended several sanctions on Russia and waived tariffs on countries that import Russian oil. The move eased supply worries, but oil prices stayed elevated amid disruption to shipping in the Middle East.

    The decision matters for India, which imports most of its crude oil and bought about 1.82 million barrels per day of Russian crude in September.

    What the US Waiver on Russian Oil Sanctions Covers

    Trump signed an executive order on Friday, 16 October, that waives tariffs and most sanctions mandated under the Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026. The law was signed on 18 September and set tariffs of up to 100% on the five largest importers of Russian oil and gas for new purchases from 18 October. The waiver came days before those penalties were due to apply.

    Reports said the order names no importing country, so it is not relief tailored for India. It potentially benefits other large buyers of Russian energy, including China. The administration described the decision as being in the national interest of the United States, and reports linked it to domestic pressure over energy costs and fuel availability.

    Russian oil sanctions waiver: key facts

    Item Detail
    Executive order Signed 16 October 2026
    Law affected Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026
    Tariffs due Up to 100% on the five largest buyers of Russian oil and gas, from 18 October
    Earlier step US Treasury allowed sale and import of Russian diesel on 9 October, until 7 April 2027
    Brent futures, 19 October About $108 a barrel, down roughly 1.4%

    How Brent and WTI Crude Prices Reacted

    Brent futures dropped by $1.43 to $108.43 a barrel in early Asian trade on 19 October, and A reported a fall of 1.4% to $108.35. Business Standard quoted December Brent futures at $108.10, down 1.5%. US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude traded around $100 a barrel.

    The decline followed a rally last week. Brent rose nearly 5% in the previous week amid supply disruptions and briefly touched $110 a barrel on 16 October, the first time since May. Reports attributed the strength in part to attacks on commercial vessels that sharply reduced crude flows from the Gulf.

    Why the Waiver Pressured Prices

    The waiver raised the prospect of more Russian fuel reaching global markets. A report said the US action was linked to an agreement with Russia to allow the export of Russian diesel to the United States. Markets read this as added supply at a time when Gulf flows are constrained.

    What It Means for India’s Russian Oil Imports

    India bought about 1.82 million barrels per day of Russian crude in September, compared with 1.49 million for China. Ship-tracking data from Kpler suggests India’s October imports will stay in a range of 1.8 to 1.9 million barrels per day. The waiver therefore lets refiners continue at current levels without the risk of the new tariffs on new purchases.

    • Crude prices feed into India’s import bill, the rupee and inflation, which is why oil moves are watched closely.
    • Indian refiners and oil marketing companies are sensitive to both crude prices and sourcing rules.
    • The waiver is not specific to India, so other large buyers of Russian crude are covered in the same way.

    One analysis noted that it is too early to say whether India’s own diplomatic pressure played a part in the waiver. It added that the full effect will depend on the text of any India-US trade deal.

    Market Impact on Indian Equities on 19 October

    Asian markets traded lower on Monday on concerns about heavy spending on artificial intelligence, even as US stock futures gained on the fall in oil. Japan’s Nikkei 225 fell 1.15% and South Korea’s Kospi dipped 0.12%, according to early reports.

    In India, the Sensex and Nifty were in a narrow range early in the session after Friday’s close of 74,729.27 and 23,146.15. Oil prices are one of several inputs for the market, alongside Q2 earnings and global cues.

    Timeline of the Past Two Weeks in Russian Oil Policy

    • 9 October: the US Treasury permits the sale and import of Russian diesel into global markets, including the United States, until 7 April 2027.
    • 16 October: Trump signs the executive order waiving the tariffs and most sanctions, and Brent briefly touches $110 a barrel.
    • 18 October: the date from which tariffs on new purchases of Russian oil were due to apply under the 2026 Act.
    • 19 October: Brent futures fall about 1.4% to roughly $108 in Asian trade.

    What Commodity Traders Track Next

    Traders who follow crude on a trading platform will watch whether the waiver stays in place, since reports said it has no end date. They will also watch Gulf shipping disruption, which has been a main driver of the price rise, and further US moves on Russian diesel.

    Crude oil futures trade on India’s commodity exchange, and taking part requires a commodity trading account with a registered broker. Contract specifications, margins and expiry dates are published by the exchange and should be checked before any trade.

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  • SEBI Restores 30-Minute VWAP for F&O Expiry From December 7

    SEBI Restores 30-Minute VWAP for F&O Expiry From December 7

    The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has reversed a key feature of its closing auction session (CAS) framework. In a circular dated 15 October 2026, the regulator said expiry-day settlement of index and stock derivatives will use the volume-weighted average price (VWAP) of the last 30 minutes of continuous trading, not the CAS closing price. Most of the changes apply from 7 December 2026.

    The circular reviews the CAS, market timings and the settlement methodology for derivatives contracts. It follows a consultation paper issued on 12 September 2026 and the public comments received on it.

    What SEBI Changed in the Closing Auction Session Rules

    SEBI introduced the CAS in the equity cash segment through a circular dated 16 January 2026. The aim was to improve price discovery of closing prices, and the session went live on 3 August. Under that framework, expiry settlement of derivatives was tied to the closing price determined in the auction.

    The revised circular delinks the two. The CAS continues to set closing prices in the cash market, but those prices will no longer decide settlement of expiring futures and options.

    SEBI’s revised CAS and derivatives settlement framework

    Feature Revised provision
    Circular date 15 October 2026
    Closing auction session 10 minutes, from 3:30 pm to 3:40 pm
    Index derivatives expiry settlement Index value based on VWAP of constituent securities in the last 30 minutes of continuous trading
    Stock derivatives expiry settlement VWAP of the underlying stock in the last 30 minutes of continuous trading across all exchanges
    Expiring index derivatives Stop trading at 3:30 pm on expiry days
    Stock derivatives Trade until 3:45 pm, including on expiry days
    Effective date 7 December 2026 for most changes

    How Expiry Settlement Will Work From 7 December

    For index derivatives, the settlement price on expiry day will be set from the value of the underlying index, calculated using the VWAP of its constituent securities during the last 30 minutes of the continuous trading session in the cash segment. That window runs from 3:00 pm to 3:30 pm.

    For stock derivatives, the clearing corporations will determine the settlement price using the VWAP of the underlying stock during the same 30 minutes, across all stock exchanges. The VWAP method was the standard approach before the CAS was introduced.

    The new rules take effect on 7 December 2026, so the change applies only from that date. Outlook Money reported that order-transition provisions in the circular start later, on 8 February.

    Why SEBI Revisited the Closing Auction Framework

    The auction system drew complaints after it began. Bloomberg reported that it produced wild swings in the reference price and caused confusion among market participants. In August, the month the CAS was introduced, average daily turnover in equity derivatives fell to an 18-month low on the NSE and dropped by one-third on the smaller BSE. There was a slight rebound in September.

    The circular also addresses operational concerns raised by market participants. It sets out separate CAS timings and defines the treatment and priority of unexecuted limit and iceberg orders.

    Liquidity Concerns Raised by Brokers

    Eshaan Lazarus, founder and chief executive of broker 021 Trade, said low liquidity in the auction allowed participants with smaller books to influence closing prices, especially in thinly traded instruments. He said a return to VWAP would reduce the scope for such swings and could bring back traders who stayed away over concerns about unfair settlement prices.

    Market Reaction and What Analysts Expect

    Dhiraj Relli, managing director of HDFC Securities, said participants will now have more clarity and predictability around expiry settlement prices. He expects the move to help restore trader confidence and could bring derivatives volumes closer to levels seen before the CAS over time.

    Jefferies analysts said the change should reduce volatility on expiry days, which could benefit brokers whose order volumes remain below pre-auction levels. Market watchers quoted by Bloomberg expect trading in options and futures to improve over time. They added that SEBI’s wider push to curb speculative excesses in derivatives remains in place.

    • Proprietary trading desks may find it easier to manage expiry risk.
    • Arbitrageurs may find hedging across cash and derivatives easier to execute.
    • Brokers and exchanges could see a lift in transaction revenue if activity recovers.

    What Derivatives Traders Should Note

    Anyone who wants to trade in F&O needs a trading account with the derivatives segment activated, and expiry-day rules affect every open position that runs to settlement. The timing differences between index and stock derivatives matter in particular. Index contracts stop trading at 3:30 pm on expiry days, while stock derivatives continue to 3:45 pm.

    Traders who use an online trading platform should check that their broker has updated expiry-day timings and settlement information before 7 December. The exact circular, number HO/47/11/11(3)2025-MRD-POD2/I/23843/2026, is available on the SEBI website.

    Timeline of the CAS Framework

    Closing auction session: key dates

    Date Development
    16 January 2026 SEBI introduces the CAS in the equity cash segment
    3 August 2026 CAS goes live
    12 September 2026 SEBI issues a consultation paper on a review
    15 October 2026 SEBI issues the revised circular
    7 December 2026 Revised settlement and timing rules take effect

    The circular is the final framework, so the 30-minute VWAP method returns for expiry settlement after the review. Further operational details will come from the exchanges and clearing corporations.

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  • HDFC Bank Q2 Profit Rises 4.7%; New CEO Joins on October 27

    HDFC Bank Q2 Profit Rises 4.7%; New CEO Joins on October 27

    HDFC Bank reported a 4.7% rise in standalone net profit to ₹19,510 crore for the second quarter of FY27, as growth in core interest income was partly offset by lower treasury gains and higher expenses. The lender announced the results on Saturday, 17 October 2026, and its shares fell about 1.3% to ₹718.60 on the BSE in early trade on 19 October.

    Anup Bagchi will take over as Managing Director and CEO on 27 October, and Deputy Managing Director Kaizad Bharucha has said he will leave at the end of December.

    HDFC Bank Q2 FY27 Results at a Glance

    Net interest income (NII) rose 9.7% year on year to ₹34,620 crore, supported by 16.3% growth in gross advances. On a consolidated basis, the bank reported net revenue of ₹78,690 crore and net profit of ₹20,700 crore, up 5.55%. Consolidated net profit for the first half of FY27 was ₹39,940 crore.

    HDFC Bank Q2 FY27 key numbers

    Metric Q2 FY27
    Standalone net profit ₹19,510 crore (up 4.7% YoY)
    Consolidated net profit ₹20,700 crore
    Net interest income ₹34,620 crore (up 9.7% YoY)
    Net interest margin 3.16% of total assets; 3.32% of interest-earning assets
    Gross advances ₹32.2 trillion (up 16.3% YoY)
    Deposits ₹33.27 trillion (up 18.8% YoY)
    Gross NPA ratio 1.11% (1.24% a year earlier)

    Income, Costs and Provisions Behind the HDFC Bank Profit

    Other income declined 3.6% year on year to ₹13,830 crore, mainly because treasury trading gains fell to ₹780 crore from ₹2,390 crore. It rose nearly 8% from the previous quarter. Fees and commissions, the largest component, increased to ₹9,690 crore from ₹8,840 crore, while foreign exchange and derivatives revenue slipped to ₹1,550 crore from ₹1,590 crore.

    Operating expenses rose to ₹18,970 crore from ₹17,980 crore a year earlier, and the cost-to-income ratio was 39.1%. Provisions and contingencies came to ₹3,570 crore, with a total credit cost ratio of 0.44%. The net interest margin was 3.32% of interest-earning assets, 8 basis points lower than in the previous quarter.

    Loan Growth, Deposits and Asset Quality

    Gross advances reached ₹32.2 trillion at 30 September 2026. Retail loans grew 11.7% year on year, loans to small and mid-market enterprises rose 23.5%, and corporate and other wholesale loans increased 16.4%. Overseas advances made up 3.3% of the total.

    • Total deposits rose 18.8% to ₹33.27 trillion, with time deposits up 22.8% to ₹22.76 trillion.
    • CASA deposits grew 10.8% and accounted for 31.6% of total deposits.
    • Savings deposits stood at ₹7.16 trillion and current account deposits at ₹3.36 trillion.
    • The balance sheet expanded to ₹45.78 trillion from ₹40.03 trillion a year earlier.

    The gross NPA ratio improved to 1.11% from 1.17% in the June quarter, and the net NPA ratio was 0.37%. Excluding the agricultural segment, the gross NPA ratio was 0.87%. Retail deposit growth of about 11% stayed soft, according to a Motilal Oswal research note carried by Business Standard.

    Leadership Change at HDFC Bank

    Bagchi, previously Managing Director and CEO of ICICI Prudential Life Insurance, was named to succeed Sashidhar Jagdishan for a three-year term, with the Reserve Bank of India approving the appointment on 1 October. He takes charge on 27 October. At the post-results media call, Jagdishan said the margin trajectory should turn upwards from the next quarter and that asset quality remains a strength.

    In a separate exchange disclosure on 17 October, the bank said Kaizad Bharucha had requested cessation from service effective 31 December 2026. Bagchi thanked Bharucha for building the bank’s credit quality culture and said the post-merger balance sheet and broader transformation remain works in progress.

    What Analysts Flagged

    Jefferies said the bank’s profit was ahead of its estimates, with better NII growth and robust credit quality. Elara Capital said the bank is gradually regaining momentum but noted that core earnings have yet to accelerate meaningfully, with return on assets at 1.7% and margin recovery still a challenge.

    Analysts quoted in the report said the new CEO’s strategy to balance growth with faster margin improvement is a key monitorable. One brokerage said that, until a replacement for Bharucha is named, there could be an overhang for the stock in the near term.

    HDFC Bank Share Price Reaction on 19 October

    The stock fell to a day’s low of ₹716.90 on the BSE, compared with the previous close of ₹728.10. By 9:20 am it traded at ₹718.60, down 1.3%. Reports described the reaction as muted given that profit came in ahead of expectations.

    The shares had already weakened through the year. An Upstox report on 5 October said the stock had de-rated about 32% year to date, and HDFC Bank was among the top losers on the Sensex on 19 October alongside Axis Bank and Infosys.

    Investors who want to buy bank shares first need to open a demat account with a depository participant. Those who follow results-day moves on an online trading platform will see the effect of leadership news in price and volume data alongside the earnings figures.

    Next Dates to Watch for HDFC Bank

    The key date is 27 October, when Bagchi assumes office. Bharucha’s last day is 31 December 2026, and a brokerage note said a replacement had not yet been appointed. The bank’s disclosures on NSE and BSE will carry any announcements on the management team.

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  • Axis Bank Q2 Profit Jumps 38% but Shares Slide 4% on Margin Dip

    Axis Bank Q2 Profit Jumps 38% but Shares Slide 4% on Margin Dip

    Axis Bank reported a 38% rise in standalone net profit to ₹7,003 crore for the July to September quarter of FY27, but the stock fell about 4.5% to ₹1,231.50 on the NSE in morning trade on 19 October 2026. The private lender released its Q2 results on Saturday, 17 October, and reports said the numbers missed Street estimates.

    Provisions fell sharply, asset quality improved and loans grew 23%. A narrower net interest margin and weaker trading income drew the market’s attention.

    Axis Bank Q2 FY27 Results at a Glance

    The profit growth came largely from lower provisions rather than from operating strength. Operating profit rose only 6%, while provisions and contingencies dropped 52% from a year earlier.

    Axis Bank Q2 FY27 key numbers

    Metric Q2 FY27 Change
    Standalone net profit ₹7,003 crore 38% YoY (from ₹5,089 crore)
    Consolidated net profit ₹7,704.67 crore 39.4% YoY
    Net interest income (NII) ₹15,371 crore 12% YoY
    Net interest margin (NIM) 3.36% 3.73% a year earlier
    Operating profit ₹11,083 crore 6% YoY
    Core operating profit ₹10,998 crore 11% YoY
    Provisions and contingencies ₹1,694 crore 52% lower YoY

    For the first half of FY27, the bank’s net profit rose 30% year on year to ₹14,117 crore, compared with ₹10,896 crore in the first half of FY26.

    Why the Axis Bank Net Interest Margin Fell

    The net interest margin was 3.36% in the quarter, compared with 3.73% a year earlier. Excluding the impact of FCNR(B) deposits, the margin stood at 3.47%. FCNR(B) stands for foreign currency non-resident (bank) deposits, which are held in foreign currency by non-resident Indians.

    The bank reported FCNR(B) deposits of ₹1.018 trillion, which includes deposits backed by advances from its international branches and standby letters of credit. Subrat Mohanty, Executive Director at Axis Bank, said the bank used part of the funds in the quarter to retire or replace high-cost deposits. He added that there are several levers on both the cost of funds and the asset mix.

    The pressure was not limited to Axis Bank. HDFC Bank’s NIM also eased by 8 basis points from the previous quarter, and a Business Standard report said FCNR(B) inflows weighed on private banks’ margins in Q2.

    Asset Quality and Provisions Improve

    Asset quality indicators improved on both a yearly and a quarterly basis. The bank said gross and net NPAs, slippages and credit costs all improved over the year-ago quarter and the previous quarter.

    • The gross NPA ratio was 1.16% at 30 September 2026, down from 1.28% in the previous quarter and 1.46% a year earlier.
    • The net NPA ratio was 0.35%, compared with 0.39% in the previous quarter and 0.44% a year earlier.
    • Gross slippages were ₹4,762 crore, against ₹5,696 crore a year earlier and ₹5,566 crore in the previous quarter.
    • Annualised credit cost fell to 0.45%, down 28 basis points year on year.
    • The provision coverage ratio, excluding prudential write-offs, was 70%.

    During the quarter the bank wrote off NPAs worth ₹2,729 crore, while recoveries and upgrades stood at ₹2,380 crore. About 33% of gross slippages came from linked accounts of borrowers who were standard when classified or were upgraded in the same quarter.

    Loan and Deposit Growth at Axis Bank

    Advances grew 23% year on year and 9% from the previous quarter to ₹13.74 trillion. Retail loans rose 16% to ₹7.4 trillion and made up 54% of net advances. Corporate advances grew 34% to ₹4.69 trillion, and loans to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) increased 25% to ₹1.65 trillion.

    Deposits increased 21% to ₹14.52 trillion. Term deposits rose 27% year on year on a month-end basis, which pulled the current and savings account (CASA) ratio down to 36% from 40% a year earlier. The capital adequacy ratio was 16.27% and the common equity tier-1 (CET-1) ratio was 14.61% at the end of September.

    Management said the bank has not yet revised retail term deposit rates.

    Other Income Slips as Trading Gains Shrink

    Other income slipped 1% year on year to ₹6,531 crore. Trading income fell to ₹85 crore from ₹498 crore a year earlier, while fee income, the largest part of other income, rose 6% to ₹6,381 crore.

    Asked about the insurance regulator’s proposed overhaul of distribution rules, Mohanty said the proposal is still a consultation paper. He said the bank has several ways to find alternative fee income and to limit any impact, including changes in product mix, volumes and talks with insurance partners.

    Axis Bank Share Price Reaction on 19 October

    Axis Bank shares declined 4.5% to ₹1,231.50 on the NSE in morning trade as investors assessed the results. Axis Bank, HDFC Bank, Infosys and Bajaj Finserv were among the top losers on the Sensex at the open, and the Nifty Private Bank index fell the most among sectoral indices. The Nifty PSU Bank index rose about 1.9% at the open and led the gainers.

    The previous session had ended higher, with the Sensex at 74,729.27 and the Nifty at 23,146.15 on Friday.

    Investors who track results-day moves on a stock trading app can compare the opening price with the previous close and the day’s volumes. Buying or selling bank shares needs a demat and trading account, and all price data in this report reflects trade at the time of writing rather than the closing level.

    Leadership Appointments Announced With the Results

    The board appointed Ananth Narayan, a former whole-time member of SEBI, as an additional independent director from 19 October 2026. It also appointed Rahul Shukla as Group Head, Commercial and Bharat Banking.

    The bank’s exchange filings remain the primary source for the full results, the investor presentation and any further disclosures on margins and deposits.

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  • Tech Mahindra Q2 Profit Rises 33% as Board Backs 1:1 Bonus Issue

    Tech Mahindra Q2 Profit Rises 33% as Board Backs 1:1 Bonus Issue

    Tech Mahindra reported a 32.7% year-on-year rise in consolidated profit after tax to ₹1,586 crore for the September 2026 quarter. The board also recommended a 1:1 bonus share issue, the company’s first in 11 years, and declared an interim dividend of ₹15 per share.

    The IT services company announced the results after market hours on 15 October 2026. Its shares opened higher on 16 October and the stock emerged as the top Sensex gainer in early trade.

    Tech Mahindra Q2 FY27 Results at a Glance

    Revenue from operations rose 3% from the previous quarter to ₹16,180 crore, compared with ₹15,712 crore in the June quarter. On a yearly basis, revenue grew 15.6%. Profit after tax was up 8.2% from ₹1,465 crore in the previous quarter.

    Tech Mahindra Q2 FY27 key numbers

    Metric Q2 FY27 Change
    Revenue from operations ₹16,180 crore 3% QoQ, 15.6% YoY
    Consolidated profit after tax ₹1,586 crore 8.2% QoQ, 32.7% YoY
    EBIT ₹2,387 crore 5.4% QoQ, 40.5% YoY
    EBIT margin 14.8% 40 bps QoQ, 260 bps YoY
    Constant currency revenue $1,693 million 2.4% QoQ, 7.2% YoY
    New deal wins (TCV) $1,023 million 25.4% YoY

    EBIT stands for earnings before interest and tax, and TCV means total contract value of new deals signed in the quarter. The figures show profit growing much faster than revenue, helped by the margin gain.

    Margins, Deals and Cash Flow Behind the Numbers

    The EBIT margin of 14.8% compares with 14.4% in the previous quarter. That leaves the company close to the 15% margin target it has set for FY27. Antique Stock Broking noted that management is within about 20 basis points of the target and that the focus is shifting towards growth.

    Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director Mohit Joshi said the 7.2% growth in constant currency terms shows the company is sustaining business momentum. He also noted that the company is celebrating its 40th anniversary this quarter.

    • Free cash flow for the quarter was $135 million.
    • Total headcount was 152,206, and last twelve months IT attrition was 11.7%.
    • Cash and cash equivalents stood at ₹7,330 crore at the end of the quarter.
    • Basic earnings per share (EPS) came in at ₹17.84.

    Constant currency growth of 2.4% quarter on quarter was ahead of the 1.5% that Antique Stock Broking had estimated. Antique and Systematix Institutional Equities both raised their FY28 and FY29 earnings estimates after the results, by amounts between 2% and 5%.

    What the 1:1 Bonus Issue Means for Tech Mahindra Shareholders

    Under a 1:1 bonus issue, eligible shareholders receive one new fully paid-up share for every share they hold on the record date. The company’s board has recommended the issue, and it needs shareholder approval through a postal ballot. The record date for the bonus will be announced separately.

    A bonus issue does not bring fresh money into the company. The shares are created by capitalising amounts from the securities premium account, general reserves, retained earnings or other permitted reserves, based on the audited financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2026. The board also recommended raising the authorised share capital from ₹924.3 crore to ₹1,000 crore.

    Tech Mahindra last issued bonus shares in March 2015, also in a 1:1 ratio. Because shares are held electronically, bonus shares are credited to the demat account of eligible shareholders after allotment. Investors who want to be eligible for any future corporate action need to hold shares in a demat account on the relevant record date, so those who do not yet have one may need to open a demat account first.

    Interim Dividend of ₹15 and Key Dates for Shareholders

    The interim dividend of ₹15 per equity share represents 300% of the face value of ₹5 per share for FY27. The company has fixed 23 October 2026 as the record date for dividend eligibility, and the payment will be made by 13 November 2026 through electronic mode. Tech Mahindra also paid an interim dividend of ₹15 per share in October 2024 and October 2025.

    Tech Mahindra corporate action details

    Item Detail
    Interim dividend ₹15 per share (300% of ₹5 face value)
    Dividend record date 23 October 2026
    Dividend payment On or before 13 November 2026
    Bonus issue 1:1, subject to postal ballot approval
    Bonus record date To be announced separately

    Tech Mahindra Share Price Reaction After the Results

    Tech Mahindra shares had slipped nearly 4% on 12 October to ₹1,453.90 ahead of the results. By 15 October the stock had recovered, closing at ₹1,648.70 on the BSE, before the earnings came out. The market capitalisation was about ₹1.62 lakh crore at that level.

    On 16 October the shares opened at ₹1,714.95 on the BSE and touched a high of ₹1,738.40, a gain of 5.44% over the previous close. By 9:20 am the stock was trading at ₹1,709.85, up 3.7%. Traders who track earnings reactions on a stock trading app can see how price and volume have moved around the announcement.

    What to Watch After Tech Mahindra’s Board Decisions

    The next steps are the postal ballot for the bonus issue and the announcement of the bonus record date. The dividend record date of 23 October is already fixed. The company has also said it will disclose its AI-led revenue in the second half of the fiscal year, according to brokerage commentary on the results.

    Exchange filings from Tech Mahindra remain the primary source for the exact bonus record date, the postal ballot schedule and the dividend payment mechanics.

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  • Yes Bank Shares Slump 20% After Supreme Court AT1 Bond Verdict

    Yes Bank Shares Slump 20% After Supreme Court AT1 Bond Verdict

    Yes Bank shares fell as much as 20% on 15 October 2026 after the Supreme Court upheld a Bombay High Court order that quashed the bank’s ₹8,415 crore write-off of Additional Tier 1 (AT1) bonds. The stock touched an intraday low of ₹16.96 on the NSE, against a previous close of ₹21.20.

    Trading volumes were heavy, with more than 622 million shares changing hands across NSE and BSE during the session.

    What the Supreme Court Decided on Yes Bank’s AT1 Bonds

    A bench of Justices Dipankar Datta and Augustine George Masih dismissed the appeals filed by Yes Bank, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Union of India. The appeals challenged the Bombay High Court judgment of 20 January 2023, which had set aside the write-off of the bonds. The Supreme Court said it saw no reason to interfere with that judgment.

    The bench had reserved its verdict on 20 May, after hearing the Centre, the RBI, Yes Bank and bondholders represented by Axis Trustee Services and other investors. The Solicitor General, appearing for the Centre, the finance ministry, the RBI and Yes Bank, had argued that the write-off was necessary to rebuild the bank’s capital and support its rescue. The bondholders argued that the administrator acted unilaterally and exceeded his authority.

    The central question was whether Yes Bank’s administrator had the legal power to extinguish the AT1 bonds after the bank’s reconstruction, even though the write-off provision was left out of the final scheme. The Supreme Court answered that in the negative. The ruling therefore turns on the administrator’s legal authority in March 2020, and not on the bank’s current operations or its recent financial results.

    How the Yes Bank AT1 Write-Off Dispute Unfolded

    AT1 bonds are perpetual bonds issued by banks that count towards regulatory capital because they are designed to absorb losses. In March 2020, the RBI placed Yes Bank under a moratorium and a reconstruction scheme followed. On 14 March 2020, a day after the reconstruction was announced, the bank’s administrator informed the stock exchanges that its outstanding AT1 bonds had been written down in full. Bondholders, including Axis Trustee Services, challenged that decision before the Bombay High Court.

    Yes Bank AT1 bond case: key dates

    Date Development
    14 March 2020 Administrator informs exchanges that ₹8,415 crore of AT1 bonds are written down
    20 January 2023 Bombay High Court quashes the write-off
    20 May 2026 Supreme Court reserves its judgment
    15 October 2026 Supreme Court dismisses the appeals

    Yes Bank, the RBI and the Centre then appealed to the Supreme Court. The 15 October verdict leaves the High Court’s 2023 ruling in place.

    How Yes Bank Shares Reacted on 15 October

    The selling in Yes Bank was sharp and fell within a single session. The stock slid from ₹21.20 to an intraday low of ₹16.96, a drop of 20%. The market capitalisation stood at ₹56,876 crore at the Thursday session.

    The fall added to a weak run for the stock. NSE data cited in market reports show that Yes Bank shares were down about 21% over one year and nearly 15% in 2026 so far. The shares had also lost about 20% over one month and about 10% over the last five sessions.

    • Intraday low on 15 October 2026: ₹16.96 on the NSE
    • Previous close: ₹21.20
    • Combined volume on NSE and BSE: more than 622 million shares
    • Market capitalisation: ₹56,876 crore

    Why the Ruling Matters for Yes Bank’s Capital Position

    Investors focused on the potential liability that the verdict creates. If the write-off cannot stand, the AT1 bonds are not treated as extinguished, which could leave the bank with a significant liability. Market reports said this would weaken the bank’s ability to absorb losses in a future financial or funding stress.

    The bank had addressed this scenario earlier. In January 2023, after the High Court order, the then Managing Director and CEO of Yes Bank, Prashant Kumar, said that even if AT1 bonds were restored in an extreme case, the total capital adequacy ratio would not be affected. He said Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital may come down while AT1 capital would go up.

    The reports reviewed do not give a verified figure for how the verdict changes the bank’s capital ratios. Any such estimate would come from the bank’s own disclosures.

    What Shareholders and Bondholders Can Track Next

    The full text of the Supreme Court judgment sets out the reasoning and any directions on bondholder claims. Yes Bank is also bound by stock exchange disclosure rules, so its filings on NSE and BSE are the place where any assessment of the verdict’s financial impact would appear.

    Shares of Yes Bank are held in demat form, and a demat and trading account is needed to buy or sell them. Holders can see their positions and the day’s price movement in their account statements and on trading screens. Investors who follow volatile large-volume stocks on an online trading platform will notice that the exchanges also publish price band information, circuit limits and traded volumes for every listed stock.

    The reaction on 15 October is a reminder of how court rulings on legacy banking disputes can move stock prices. In this case the dispute took more than six years to reach a final decision, from the March 2020 write-off to the October 2026 verdict.

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  • SEBI Proposes ₹1 Lakh Minimum Application for SME IPOs

    SEBI Proposes ₹1 Lakh Minimum Application for SME IPOs

    The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has proposed a major overhaul of the SME IPO framework, including a lower minimum application value of ₹1 lakh, down from ₹2 lakh. The proposals appear in a consultation paper dated 14 October 2026, and public comments are open until 4 November 2026.

    The paper proposes amendments to the SEBI (Issue of Capital and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2018. SEBI said the aim is to strengthen the SME IPO framework, improve investor protection and align key requirements with those for main board issues, while keeping safeguards suited to smaller companies.

    What SEBI Proposes to Change in the SME IPO Framework

    The consultation covers who can list on the SME platform, how investors apply and how shares trade after listing. The table below sets the main existing norms against the proposals.

    SME IPO rules: existing framework and SEBI proposal

    Area Existing framework SEBI proposal
    Minimum application value ₹2 lakh ₹1 lakh, in four lots of at least ₹25,000
    Minimum allottees 200 500
    Market making Compulsory for at least three years Compulsory requirement removed
    Operating profit test ₹1 crore in at least two of three years Average of ₹3 crore a year over three years
    Trading lot after listing Based on price band One share

    None of these changes is in force yet. They remain proposals until SEBI reviews the public comments and issues final rules.

    Why a ₹1 Lakh Minimum SME IPO Application Matters

    Under the proposal, an investor would apply for at least four lots, with each lot worth at least ₹25,000. Later applications would be made in multiples of the applicable lot size. SEBI said the lower threshold seeks to balance investor protection with meaningful access, because it would operate within a substantially strengthened regulatory framework. It also said the change would spread capital across a wider base of investors.

    The minimum number of allottees in an SME public issue would rise from 200 to 500. Retail individual investors would still receive at least one minimum lot, subject to availability, with the remaining shares allotted proportionately.

    Shares in an SME IPO are allotted in electronic form, so every applicant needs a demat account. Anyone planning demat account opening ahead of a future SME issue should note that the lower minimum application amount is still only a proposal.

    New Market Capitalisation Test for SME Platform Eligibility

    SEBI has proposed replacing eligibility based on paid-up capital with thresholds based on market capitalisation. The test applies to the post-issue market capitalisation of the company.

    Who Can Use the SME Platform

    • A company with a post-issue market capitalisation of up to ₹1,000 crore could access only the SME platform.
    • A company with a post-issue market capitalisation above ₹1,000 crore and up to ₹4,000 crore could also access the SME platform.
    • If a company files its draft red herring prospectus (DRHP) under the SME framework and its post-issue market capitalisation crosses ₹4,000 crore when the red herring prospectus is filed, it must refile the DRHP under the main board framework.

    Voluntary and Mandatory Migration to the Main Board

    For companies already listed on the SME platform, SEBI proposes a similar yardstick. Voluntary migration to the main board would be allowed for companies with a market capitalisation of ₹1,000 crore or more but below ₹4,000 crore, subject to the applicable eligibility requirements. Migration would become mandatory for companies whose market capitalisation exceeds ₹4,000 crore, again subject to the relevant conditions.

    Tighter Profit Rules and an Alternative Route for Loss-Making Firms

    SEBI proposes to raise the profitability bar for SME issuers. The current requirement is operating profit of ₹1 crore in at least two of the three preceding years. The proposal replaces it with an average annual operating profit of ₹3 crore over the preceding three financial years.

    A company that does not meet the profit test would not be shut out entirely. It could use a separate book-building route in which at least 75% of the issue is allocated to qualified institutional buyers (QIBs). If that allocation is not achieved, the entire subscription money would have to be refunded.

    Lock-in, Offer for Sale and Pricing Changes Proposed

    The consultation paper also touches several other parts of the issue process. The main proposals reported so far are listed below.

    • The offer for sale (OFS) portion would stay capped at 20% of the total issue size, and shares offered by a selling shareholder would be capped at 50% of their pre-issue holding on a fully diluted basis, with specified exemptions for QIBs.
    • The amount used for general corporate purposes would remain capped at 15% of the issue size, while the separate ₹10 crore cap would be removed.
    • The three-year lock-in on minimum promoters’ contribution would run from the date of IPO allotment, and specified promoter group holdings would face a separate one-year lock-in.
    • For book-built issues, the cap of the price band would have to be at least 105% of the floor price, while the existing upper limit of 120% stays.
    • The full-issue underwriting requirement would be removed, and a 90% minimum subscription requirement would be retained for applicable issues.

    Trading Lot of One Share and End of Compulsory Market Making

    After listing, SEBI proposes a trading lot of one share for SME securities, replacing the price-band-based lot-size framework. The move is expected to improve accessibility and flexibility for investors in the secondary market. Anyone buying or selling SME stocks through a trading account would then be able to deal in single shares rather than larger lots.

    SEBI also proposes to abolish compulsory market making, under which a designated intermediary quotes buy and sell prices for a listed SME stock. The requirement does not apply to main board companies. The regulator said the review aims to reduce avoidable regulatory and financial burden on issuers while preserving appropriate investor safeguards.

    SME Segment Size and What Happens Next

    SEBI noted that the SME platform has changed significantly since the framework was introduced. As on 31 July 2026, 1,496 entities had listed on the SME platform since inception, including entities that later migrated to the main board. Together they raised ₹40,222 crore.

    The regulator described the segment as now covering enterprises with a wider range of size, maturity and market profile. That, it said, is why the framework needs a holistic review. Public comments can be submitted until 4 November 2026, after which SEBI will decide which proposals to take forward.

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  • Jio Platforms IPO Opens October 21 at ₹1,065 to ₹1,119 a Share

    Jio Platforms IPO Opens October 21 at ₹1,065 to ₹1,119 a Share

    Jio Platforms, the Reliance Industries subsidiary, will open its initial public offering on 21 October 2026 at a price band of ₹1,065 to ₹1,119 per equity share. At the upper end, the fresh issue of up to 27 crore shares is worth up to ₹30,213 crore, which would make it the largest IPO in India by issue size.

    Jio Platforms filed its Red Herring Prospectus (RHP) with the Registrar of Companies, Gujarat, at Ahmedabad on 14 October 2026. Reliance Industries confirmed the issue dates and price band in an exchange filing.

    Jio Platforms IPO Price Band, Lot Size and Issue Structure

    The Jio Platforms IPO is a book-built issue made up entirely of a fresh issue of up to 27 crore equity shares with a face value of ₹10 each. There is no offer for sale component, so the money raised goes to the company. According to the filing, the proceeds will be used to clear debt of the material subsidiary Reliance Jio Infocomm and for general corporate purposes. Reliance Industries holds about 66.4% of Jio Platforms.

    Retail investors can apply for a minimum of 12 shares and in multiples of 12 thereafter. At the cap price of ₹1,119, one lot of 12 shares needs a bid of ₹13,428. The shares are proposed to list on both NSE and BSE.

    Jio Platforms IPO key terms

    Detail Information
    Subscription window 21 to 23 October 2026
    Anchor investor bidding 19 October 2026
    Price band ₹1,065 to ₹1,119 per share
    Lot size 12 shares
    Minimum bid at cap price ₹13,428
    Issue type Fresh issue of up to 27 crore shares (face value ₹10)
    Issue size at upper band Up to ₹30,213 crore

    How the Jio Platforms IPO Compares With Earlier Mega Issues

    At ₹30,213 crore, the issue would surpass the ₹27,859 crore IPO of Hyundai Motor India in 2024, which was the largest in the country so far. The comparison holds only if the offer is completed as planned and priced at the top of the band.

    At the upper end of the band, Jio Platforms would have an implied equity valuation of about ₹10.3 lakh crore. That figure is the estimated market value of the whole company at the issue price, based on a post-issue shareholding of 9,20,90,30,830 shares. It is not the amount the company is raising, which is the ₹30,213 crore fresh issue.

    The issue has 19 book-running lead managers, including Morgan Stanley, Kotak Mahindra Capital, BofA Securities, JP Morgan and Goldman Sachs. KFin Technologies is the registrar to the issue.

    Reserved Portions for Employees and Reliance Shareholders

    Besides the general public categories, the offer carries two reserved portions. Each has its own eligibility rule, which matters for anyone planning to bid under a quota.

    • Up to ₹500 crore is reserved for eligible employees of Jio Platforms, with a discount of ₹54 per share for employees bidding under this quota.
    • Up to ₹2,500 crore is reserved for eligible shareholders of Reliance Industries, meaning individuals and HUFs (directly or through the karta) who are public equity shareholders of the company.
    • The shareholder quota is tied to holdings as on 14 October 2026, the date the RHP was filed, and not to the date of bidding.
    • Persons who are not eligible to invest in the IPO under applicable laws and regulations are excluded from the shareholder quota.

    Because the cut-off for the shareholder quota is a past date, investors cannot change their eligibility by buying Reliance Industries shares now. Holdings on the record date are what count.

    Jio Platforms IPO Dates From Anchor Round to Listing

    The timetable is compact. Anchor investors bid on 19 October, two days before the issue opens to the public. The three-day subscription window then runs from 21 October to 23 October 2026.

    Jio Platforms IPO timetable

    Event Date
    Anchor investor bidding 19 October 2026
    Issue opens 21 October 2026
    Issue closes 23 October 2026
    Basis of allotment 26 October 2026
    Initiation of refunds 27 October 2026
    Credit of shares to demat accounts 27 October 2026
    Listing on NSE and BSE 28 October 2026

    The basis of allotment is the step in which the registrar finalises how many shares each successful applicant receives. Refunds and the credit of shares follow a day later, and trading is expected to begin on 28 October.

    How to Apply for the Jio Platforms IPO Online

    A bid for IPO shares needs a PAN-linked demat account, because allotted shares are credited there in electronic form. Investors who do not yet have one can open a demat account with a SEBI-registered depository participant before the issue closes on 23 October, although the time taken for account activation varies by intermediary.

    Bids are placed through a bank’s net banking facility or an online trading platform, using either a UPI mandate or ASBA (Application Supported by Blocked Amount). Under both routes the bid amount stays in the investor’s bank account and is blocked only until allotment is finalised. Applicants who want to invest in IPO online should check that the UPI ID entered in the bid matches the bank account holding the funds.

    Market Reaction as Jio Platforms IPO Details Emerged

    Reliance Industries shares rose about 3% on 15 October as the IPO details became public, and the stock featured among the day’s top gainers on the exchanges. The wider market also rallied that day. The Sensex rose 1,533.72 points, or 2.11%, to settle at 74,315.61, while the Nifty 50 gained 374.65 points, or 1.66%, to end at 22,997.35. Both recorded their biggest single-day gains in four months.

    On 16 October, the Sensex opened at 74,341.08 and the Nifty at 23,065.10, according to opening-session reports.

    What to Track Before the Issue Opens

    Anchor allocations on 19 October will give the first view of institutional demand. During the three public days, the exchanges publish subscription figures by investor category, and the final allotment will follow on 26 October.

    The RHP is the primary document for risk factors, objects of the issue and financial disclosures. Prices, dates and quotas can change only through formal addenda, so the exchanges and the RHP remain the reference points for every figure in this report.

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  • WPI Inflation Hits 11.39%: What Is Making Wholesale Prices Rise So Fast?

    WPI Inflation Hits 11.39%: What Is Making Wholesale Prices Rise So Fast?

    India’s WPI inflation rose to 11.39% in September 2026, up from 9.92% in August, the government said on 14 October. Fuel and power, food and factory goods all got dearer. Retail inflation also reached a 23-month high of 5.54%. Wholesale prices show what firms pay before goods reach shoppers.

    The Latest WPI Inflation Data

    The Ministry of Commerce and Industry released the numbers on Wednesday, 14 October 2026. WPI stands for Wholesale Price Index. It tracks how much prices change at the wholesale level.

    The rate is a year-on-year number. It compares prices in September 2026 with prices in September 2025. An 11.39% rate means wholesale prices are about 11% higher than a year ago.

    The all-commodities index rose to 112.5 in September from 110.8 in August. That is a rise of 1.7 points in one month. Business Standard calls 11.39% a series high for the 2022-23 base year.

    Group September 2026 (%) August 2026 (%)
    All commodities 11.39 9.92
    Fuel and power 25.85 22.93
    Manufactured products 9.76 8.37
    Food index 8.66 7.05

    Primary articles, such as farm and mineral goods, rose 8.67% over the year. Every main group in the table moved up from August.

    Items That Pushed WPI Inflation Higher

    The ministry named a long list of items. The price rise was wide and not limited to one product. The main drivers were:

    • Mineral oils, which include petroleum products
    • Food articles
    • Crude petroleum and natural gas
    • Coal and lignite
    • Basic metals
    • Chemicals and chemical products
    • Textiles
    • Rubber and plastic products
    • Electrical equipment

    Manufactured products rose 9.76%, the highest in this series. The fuel and power index rose to 110.5 from 108.3 in the same month.

    Why Wholesale Prices Are Rising So Fast

    Reports link the rise to the West Asia conflict. The conflict has disrupted ships that pass through the Strait of Hormuz. That has pushed up the cost of crude oil and fertiliser.

    Fuel costs spread to other goods. A truck that carries goods needs diesel. A factory that makes plastic needs oil-based raw material. When these costs rise, the price of many goods can rise too.

    Fertiliser works in a similar way. Farmers pay more to grow crops when fertiliser gets dearer. That cost can reach food prices after some time.

    For the first half of this financial year, from April to September, the WPI index rose 9.85% over the same months a year ago. Fuel and power rose 25.31% in that period. Manufactured products rose 8.08%, and primary articles rose 6.89%.

    How WPI Differs From CPI

    CPI means Consumer Price Index. It tracks prices that families pay in shops. WPI tracks prices at an earlier stage, such as what traders and firms pay.

    Retail inflation based on CPI rose to 5.54% in September. That is a 23-month high. Food and fuel pushed it up.

    The Reserve Bank of India mainly looks at CPI when it sets interest rates. The government asked the RBI to keep CPI inflation at 4%, with a 2% margin on each side. At 5.54%, CPI is still inside that band. It is closer to the top than before, since it was 3.93% in May and 4.38% in June.

    How Long WPI Inflation Has Stayed High

    WPI inflation has been above 9% for five months in a row, counting September. It has now crossed 11%.

    Month in 2026 WPI inflation (%)
    May 9.68
    June (revised) 9.97
    July 9.78
    August 9.92
    September 11.39

    Fuel and power inflation was 27.41% in June and eased to 20.05% in July. It then rose to 22.93% in August and 25.85% in September. So fuel inflation has now risen for two months in a row.

    April was the last month below 9%. WPI inflation was 8.26% then.

    What It Means for Companies and Investors

    Higher input costs can squeeze company profits. A firm can pass costs on to buyers or accept lower margins. Which path it takes depends on its market and its pricing power.

    Firms that buy oil, metals or chemicals as raw material can feel the rise more. These items sit on the list of drivers above. Each company reports its own numbers, so read the results to see the real effect.

    Households feel this in their monthly budgets. The September CPI data shows that food and fuel were the main push behind retail inflation. Both are items that every family buys.

    Wholesale prices do not turn into shop prices at once. CPI often follows WPI after some time, but the link is not exact. This article does not predict where prices will go next.

    One month of data does not set a trend. It is better to look at several months before you draw a view. Official data can also be revised later, as the June figure was.

    For savers, rising prices lower what each rupee can buy. Many people then look at stocks and funds. If you start, compare costs first.

    Many brokers advertise a free demat account, but you should read the other charges before you open one. Check the fees on your trading account too, because costs add up over time.

    Please remember that investing carries risk. This article gives facts and does not tell you what to buy or sell.

    What to Watch Next

    Here are three things to watch:

    • The next monthly WPI and CPI releases, which will show if prices keep rising or begin to ease.
    • Crude oil prices, because fuel is the biggest driver in the data.
    • Shipping through the Strait of Hormuz, which reports link to higher costs.

    Also watch what the RBI says. It looks at inflation when it sets interest rates. Any change in rates can affect loan costs and savings returns.

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